The Knights Island Dispatch: What is the new department that Lu Hao is in charge of?

This morning, after voting and Xi Jinping signed a presidential decree, the new head of the State Council system appeared to the public.

It is worth mentioning that many of the departments and positions held by them are new in this institutional reform. For example, Lu Xun , deputy mayor of Beijing, deputy secretary of the Heilongjiang Provincial Party Committee and governor, is the latest director of the Ministry of Natural Resources .

This brand new department, I believe that everyone has been concerned for a few days. The first article in the State Council’s institutional reform plan approved by the National People’s Congress yesterday also described it:

Form the Ministry of Natural Resources. Responsibilities of the Ministry of Land and Resources, National Development and Reform Commission, organization of main functional area planning responsibilities, housing and urban and rural construction department's urban and rural planning management responsibilities, Ministry of Water Resources' water resources investigation and confirmation of registration management duties, Ministry of Agriculture's grassland resources Responsibility for investigation and confirmation of registration, responsibility for resource survey and confirmation registration management of forests and wetlands of the State Forestry Administration, responsibilities of the State Oceanic Administration, integration of responsibilities of the National Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Bureau, and establishment of the Ministry of Natural Resources as a department of the State Council. The Ministry of Natural Resources retains the National Oceanic Administration brand.

The Ministry of Land and Resources, the State Oceanic Administration, and the National Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Bureau will no longer be retained.

There are many terms and a lot of ministries, and many people may have seen it. So today, the island girl will give you an analysis. This is a new institution that includes the natural resources supervision functions and spatial planning functions of eight ministries and commissions. What kind of top-level thinking is behind the formation?

status quo

The story can be told from a frog.

In other words, there is a rare frog that lives in lakes, wetlands, and surrounding farmland and forests. In order to protect it, the law gives the forestry and fisheries department the responsibility of the supervisor. However, before this, large lakes and reservoirs belonged to the management of the water conservancy department, while farmland and forests also involved the national land department.

In this way, the problem arises. The frog swims in the water and goes to the fishery tube. When it jumps to the shore, it belongs to the forestry or the land department. If it is caught, it will be owned by the industrial and commercial management... Naturally, in the management of the frog. On the other hand, it is easy for us to see the phenomenon of “government out of the door” and “Jiulong water control” similar to “ seven big eight big caps, not good one straw hat ” when the grassroots law enforcement.

Of course, the story of the frog is just a metaphor, and there is no real point. However, this story reflects an important issue in the current management of the organization : the division of power of the administrative organization .

Objectively speaking, the formation of such a "block" of administrative agencies has historical reasons. For example, in the establishment of the State Council in 1982, we can see a large number of industrial management departments with very strong sense of existence, such as the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, the Ministry of Water Resources, and the Ministry of Petroleum Industry. These departments are responsible for the corresponding industrial development and are responsible for the natural resource management of the corresponding categories.

In all fairness, this model has its advantages: concentrate on doing big things, professionalism, and high administrative efficiency . It is precisely because of this that although the various departments of the State Council have been adjusted many times, the practice of managing different types of natural resources by different departments has been retained. However, with the development of the times and social changes, the boundaries of the division of powers and responsibilities have become clearer and clearer, and the problem of “Jiulong Water Control” has begun to be exposed more and more.

As the name implies, “Jiulong Water Control” means that all the dragons are going to control the water, and no one is in charge of the rain. Mapping to reality means that for those immediate and profitable projects, everyone wants to squeeze in and get a piece of it; for those projects that are big, slow, and offensive, everyone goes backwards, faster than anyone. Finally, the phenomenon of regulatory gaps and regulatory fights has been formed.

Integration

In this context, the meaning and advantages of integration are highlighted. Some people will also ask: What is the difference between the responsibilities of the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment?

In short, the Ministry of Natural Resources has integrated the planning and resource management functions of the eight ministries, commissions and bureaus of the former national territory. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has integrated the environmental protection and pollution prevention functions of the seven ministries, commissions and offices of the original environmental protection. In general, the former will be responsible for the spatial planning and quantity regulation of all natural resources on the 9.6 million square kilometers of land and 3 million square kilometers of the country; the latter will be responsible for the supervision of the quality of the ecological environment.

The two newly formed departments are actually related. In the words of netizens: the cooperation between the two will achieve "on the pipe, the bottom of the pipe, the middle pipe air." This actually reflects the important principle that “landscape, forest, lake and grass” is a community of life.

The formation of the Ministry of Natural Resources itself fully reflects the advantages of integration. We can take the example of “ land planning based on land resources ” involved in the reform.

As we all know, in the past, as an important foundation for social and economic development, it was the focus of competition for the development of leading powers such as reform, land, and housing. Imagine if there is a piece of land on the edge of the city that is suitable for building shopping malls, houses, trees, or reclaimed into wetlands. This land must have been a “place of competition” for different departments in the past.

In this way, the development or protection of a resource may not be based on scientific rational judgment, or the common needs of all sectors of society, but determined by who is more powerful among the relevant departments . Under the guidance of economic development priorities, it is often the resource development department rather than the resource protection department that “smiles to the end”.

Now, the Ministry of Natural Resources integrates the planning functions of several ministries and commissions, and can coordinate all kinds of planning, which is equivalent to truly achieving “multi-regulation”. We all say that we want to "do a blueprint to the end." The important responsibility of the Ministry of Natural Resources is to give a space map of this blueprint, telling us where to develop and where to protect.

Authority

The scope of the Ministry of Natural Resources behind this blueprint, in simple terms, can be attributed to two red lines.

One is the “ecological red line” that can be seen on the map . All kinds of national parks, nature reserves, drinking water sources, important forests, lakes, islands, wetlands, etc., must be classified into ecological red lines, prohibiting or restricting development. We must know that these account for between one-quarter and one-third of the country. It is related to the ecological region that the Chinese nation has been growing for generations. Under no circumstances can it be moved.

Want to move? Imagine Qilian 600720, shares of major consultation process many people. Yin Jian is not far away.

The other one is "the upper limit of resource development and utilization" . Compared to the former, this is more like an invisible control red line. How to understand? It is possible to say that the water resources development utilization rate and the total amount of mineral resources mining control indicators may be somewhat abstract. In fact, the island friends only need to imagine the increasingly tight urban construction land indicators, and they can understand the rationale.

Not only that, the development of a natural resource is often related to other elements of the ecosystem. If you don't pay attention, the after-effects are endless.

Take the survival and habitat of frogs as an example. If mining minerals on a large mountain, it will destroy the forest vegetation on the mountain, so that the mountain stream and the lake under the mountain will dry up, and finally affect the survival of a certain frog. At this time, whether it is decided to mine, how much can be mined, how much can be mined each year, and how many years can be mined, etc., it is necessary to consider the degree of demand for minerals in social and economic development, but also to consider the destruction of forestry resources and water resources. The loss also depends on the species diversity value of the frog.

These tasks are coordinated by one department and are much more efficient and coordinated than multiple departments .

Confirmation

Summary, both the visible "ecological red line", or abstract "resource utilization cap", is the ultimate expression of the right to do all kinds of natural resources management.

Natural resources are owned by the whole people (partly collectively owned) and are one of the basic systems of our country. Without exception, in the future, the natural resources departments of all levels of government will uniformly exercise their duties as owners of the whole people, and be responsible for protecting and repairing natural resources beyond the ecological red line and beyond the resource limits, and releasing them for production, management, development and utilization. Various types of natural resource property rights.

In this sense, the establishment of the Ministry of Natural Resources for unified management is not the shadow of the planned economy as some people fear ; on the contrary, it is clear what resources are reserved, protected and repaired for public welfare purposes. It will be clearer which resources can be released to the market and can be configured by more standardized market mechanisms .

For example, the land use rights, mining rights, forest rights that have been established in China, the water rights trading that is being piloted or the ecological compensation mechanism for water resources in the basin can be further improved and expanded. Supply-side structural reform, how to reduce the supply of natural resources as one of the factors of production?

The overall clarity of natural resource property rights is conducive to the systematic reform of various resource taxes and fees. If the problems of land financial transformation and property tax collection, which are of general concern to everyone, are placed under the general framework of natural resources tax and fee reform, there may be a clearer understanding and understanding . Similarly, due to the cooperation with the Ministry of Finance, the Development and Reform Commission and other ministries, and unified management to the Ministry of Natural Resources for management, will once again reflect the convenience of functional integration.

Of course, as a new institution with such a huge function, the Ministry of Natural Resources also needs to consider the issue of mutual cooperation and supervision with other ministries; there is also a certain space for exploration in vertical management and internal institutional integration. We will wait and see.

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